Instance of: that class of which this subject is a particular example and member different from P279 (subclass of) for example: K2 is an instance of mountain volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform) Works should be instances of written work (Q47461344) or one of its subclasses.
They are mainly meant to be used for items linked to Wikipedia pages. These properties are for the first item that represents a book ( FRBR work level). Thus a two-layer framework, consisting of work and edition, has been used for creating Book properties in Wikidata. So we collapsed those two FRBR layers in one: "edition" (in contrast, the BIBFRAME bibliographic data model instead combines the FRBR layers "work" and "expression" in a single "work" entity). Not to complicate too much, we didn't use the FRBR terms "expression" or "manifestation", as the boundary between the definitions is not easy to grasp. Since it blurries these differences, the item book ( book (Q571)) should be avoided - see the item's discussion page. As we have different Wikisources, we thus have also translations. On Wikisource, a particular edition (sometimes, we have more than one) is used for a book.
the Bible, Pinocchio, Hamlet are regarded as "creative works", which have been embodied in several translation and editions and different media). Within Wikimedia projects, we don't need all 4 of them: for example, when Wikipedia has an article about a book, it is often in the "work" view (i.e. The FRBR model underlines the fact that you can view a book in 4 different ways, or levels: as a work, as an expression, a manifestation or an item. We used the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) model (a widely used and famous conceptual framework in library science) to divide the Book properties in 2 sets.
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